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Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

Evidence & justice

Search sections and compare offence classifications.

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All offences

64 entries · In section order

Offences, punishments, bail status, arrest classifications and trial courts. Select a section to read every entry under that section.
SectionOffencePunishmentBail statusArrest classificationTrial court

Intentionally giving or fabricating false evidence in a judicial proceeding.

Imprisonment for 7 years and 10,000 rupees.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Giving or fabricating false evidence in any other case.

Imprisonment for 3 years and 5,000 rupees.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to cause any person to be convicted of capital offence.

Imprisonment for life, or rigorous imprisonment for 10 years and 50,000 rupees.
Non-bailable
Non-cognizable
Court of Session.

If innocent person be thereby convicted and executed.

Read together with the other entries in Section 230.

Death, or as above.
Non-bailable
Non-cognizable
Court of Session.

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of an offence punishable with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment for 7 years, or upwards.

The same as for the offence.
Non-bailable
Non-cognizable
Court of Session.

Threatening any person to give false evidence.

Imprisonment for 7 years, or fine, or both.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Court by which offence of giving false evidence is triable.

If innocent person is convicted and sentenced in consequence of false evidence with death, or imprisonment for more than 7 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 232.

The same as for the offence.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Court by which offence of giving false evidence is triable.

Using in a judicial proceeding evidence known to be false or fabricated.

The same as for giving or fabricating false evidence.
According as offence of giving such evidence is bailable or non-bailable.
Non-cognizable
Court by which offence of giving or fabricating false evidence is triable.

Knowingly issuing or signing a false certificate relating to any fact of which such certificate is by law admissible in evidence.

The same as for giving false evidence.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Court by which offence of giving false evidence is triable.

Using as a true certificate one known to be false in a material point.

The same as for giving false evidence.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Court by which offence of giving false evidence is triable.

False statement made in any declaration which is by law receivable as evidence.

The same as for giving false evidence.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Court by which offence of giving false evidence is triable.

Using as true any such declaration known to be false.

The same as for giving false evidence.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Court by which offence of giving false evidence is triable.

Causing disappearance of evidence of an offence committed, or giving false information touching it to screen the offender, if a capital offence.

Imprisonment for 7 years and fine.
Bailable
According as the offence in relation to which disappearance of evidence is caused is cognizable or non-cognizable.
Court of Session.

If punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 238.

Imprisonment for 3 years and fine.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with less than 10 years' imprisonment.

Read together with the other entries in Section 238.

Imprisonment for one-fourth of the longest term provided for the offence, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Court by which the offence is triable.

Intentional omission to give information of an offence by a person legally bound to inform.

Imprisonment for 6 months, or fine of 5,000 rupees, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Giving false information respecting an offence committed.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Secreting or destroying any document to prevent its production as evidence.

Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine of 5,000 rupees, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

False personation for the purpose of any act or proceeding in a suit or criminal prosecution, or for becoming bail or security.

Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Fraudulent removal or concealment, etc., of property to prevent its seizure as a forfeiture or in satisfaction of a fine under sentence, or in execution of a decree.

Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine, of 5,000 rupees, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Claiming property without right, or practising deception touching any right to it, to prevent its being taken as a forfeiture, or in satisfaction of a fine under sentence, or in execution of a decree.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Fraudulently suffering a decree to pass for a sum not due, or suffering decree to be executed after it has been satisfied.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

False claim in a Court.

Imprisonment for 2 years and fine.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Fraudulently obtaining a decree for a sum not due, or causing a decree to be executed after it has been satisfied.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

False charge of offence made with intent to injure.

Imprisonment for 5 years, or fine of 2 lakh rupees, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Criminal proceeding instituted on a false charge of an offence punishable with death, imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for ten years or upwards.

Imprisonment for 10 years and fine.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Court of Session.

Harbouring an offender, if the offence is punishable with death.

Imprisonment for 5 years and fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 249.

Imprisonment for 3 years and fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for 1 year and not for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 249.

Imprisonment for one-fourth of the longest term, and of the descriptions, provided for the offence, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment if the offence is punishable with death.

Imprisonment for 7 years and fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 250.

Imprisonment for 3 years and fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for less than 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 250.

Imprisonment for one-fourth of the longest term provided for the offence, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender if the offence is punishable with death.

Imprisonment for 7 years and fine.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 251.

Imprisonment for 3 years and fine.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for less than 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 251.

Imprisonment for one-fourth of the longest term, provided for the offence, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Taking gift to help to recover movable property of which a person has been deprived by an offence without causing apprehension of offender.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Harbouring an offender who has escaped from custody, or whose apprehension has been ordered, if the offence is punishable with death.

Imprisonment for 7 years and fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 253.

Imprisonment for 3 years, with or without fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for 1 year and not for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 253.

Imprisonment for one-fourth of the longest term provided for the offence, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Harbouring robbers or dacoits.

Rigorous imprisonment for 7 years and fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Public servant disobeying a direction of law with intent to save person from punishment, or property from forfeiture.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Public servant framing an incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment, or property from forfeiture.

Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Public servant in a judicial proceeding corruptly making and pronouncing an order, report, etc. contrary to law.

Imprisonment for 7 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Commitment for trial or confinement by a person having authority, who knows that he is acting contrary to law.

Imprisonment for 7 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend an offender, if the offence is punishable with death.

Imprisonment for 7 years, with or without fine.
Bailable
According as the offence in relation to which such omission has been made is cognizable or non-cognizable.
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 259.

Imprisonment for 3 years, with or without fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If punishable with imprisonment for less than 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 259.

Imprisonment for 2 years, with or without fine.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend person under sentence of a Court if under sentence of death.

Imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for 14 years, with or without fine.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Court of Session.

If under sentence of imprisonment for life or imprisonment for 10 years, or upwards.

Read together with the other entries in Section 260.

Imprisonment for 7 years, with or without fine.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If under sentence of imprisonment for less than 10 years or lawfully committed to custody.

Read together with the other entries in Section 260.

Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Escape from confinement negligently suffered by a public servant.

Simple imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Resistance or obstruction to the lawful apprehension of any person, or rescuing him from lawful custody.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Any Magistrate.

If charged with an offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment for 10 years.

Read together with the other entries in Section 263.

Imprisonment for 3 years and fine.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If charged with offence punishable with death.

Read together with the other entries in Section 263.

Imprisonment for 7 years and fine.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If the person is sentenced to imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for 10 years, or upwards.

Read together with the other entries in Section 263.

Imprisonment for 7 years and fine.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

If under sentence of death.

Read together with the other entries in Section 263.

Imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for 10 years and fine.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Court of Session.

Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for: (a) in case of intentional omission or sufferance;

Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for: (b) in case of negligent omission or sufferance.

Simple imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension, or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for.

Imprisonment for 6 months, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Cognizable
Any Magistrate.

Violation of condition of remission of punishment.

Punishment of original sentence, or if part of the punishment has been undergone, the residue.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
The Court by which the original offence was triable.

Intentional insult or interruption to a public servant sitting in any stage of a judicial proceeding.

Simple imprisonment for 6 months, or fine of 5,000 rupees, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
The Court in which the offence is committed, subject to the provisions of Chapter XXVIII; or, if not committed, in a Court, any Magistrate.

Personation of an assessor.

Imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Bailable
Non-cognizable
Magistrate of the first class.

Failure by person released on bond or bail bond to appear in Court.

Imprisonment for 1 year, or fine, or both.
Non-bailable
Cognizable
Any Magistrate.
All 64 entries shownBack to top ↑
BNS Reference

Original central BNSS First Schedule. Classification summaries, not the full statutory text. Later amendments and state variations are not consolidated here.

BNS Reference
Chapters

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How to read an entry

Offence & punishment

The offence summary and punishment listed in the schedule. Read any conditions or alternative entries under the same section.

Bail status

Shows whether the schedule lists the offence as bailable, non-bailable, or dependent on another offence.

Arrest classification

The legal term is cognizability. “Cognizable” means a police officer may arrest without warrant. “Non-cognizable” means a police officer shall not arrest without warrant. Conditions are shown in full.

Trial court

The court specified in the schedule. “Magistrate of the first class” and “any Magistrate” exclude Executive Magistrates.

Coverage

465 BNS classification entries across 288 sections, plus three general classification bands for offences under other laws.

What is included

The original central BNSS First Schedule: offence summaries, punishment summaries, cognizability, bailability and trial courts. This is not the full BNS text or a case-law collection. Later amendments, commencement changes and state variations are not consolidated here.

Read each condition

Different entries under the same section may have different classifications. A status may depend on the offence, the complainant or another condition. The full wording appears with each entry.

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Enter a section, an offence or punishment. Separate several sections with commas, such as 103, 105. Use Filters for chapter, bail status, arrest classification or court. Saved entries stay in this browser on this device.

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